--- a/ChangeLog
+++ b/ChangeLog
@@ -1,3 +1,18 @@
+2011-02-11  Bruno Haible  <bruno@clisp.org>
+
+	New module 'setlocale'.
+	* lib/locale.in.h (setlocale): New declaration.
+	* lib/setlocale.c: New file, based on
+	gettext/gettext-runtime/intl/setlocale.c.
+	* m4/setlocale.m4: New file.
+	* m4/locale_h.m4 (gl_LOCALE_H): Test whether setlocale is declared.
+	(gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS): Initialize GNULIB_SETLOCALE, REPLACE_SETLOCALE.
+	* modules/locale (Makefile.am): Substitute GNULIB_SETLOCALE,
+	REPLACE_SETLOCALE.
+	* modules/setlocale: New file.
+	* tests/test-locale-c++.cc: Test the declaration of setlocale.
+	* doc/posix-functions/setlocale.texi: Mention the new module.
+
 2011-02-11  Bruno Haible  <bruno@clisp.org>
 
 	Prepare for locale dependent tests on mingw.

--- a/doc/posix-functions/setlocale.texi
+++ b/doc/posix-functions/setlocale.texi
@@ -4,10 +4,18 @@
 
 POSIX specification:@* @url{http://www.opengroup.org/onlinepubs/9699919799/functions/setlocale.html}
 
-Gnulib module: ---
+Gnulib module: setlocale
 
 Portability problems fixed by Gnulib:
 @itemize
+@item
+On Windows platforms (excluding Cygwin), @code{setlocale(@var{category},NULL)}
+ignores the environment variables @code{LC_ALL}, @code{@var{category}}, and
+@code{LANG}.
+@item
+On Windows platforms (excluding Cygwin), @code{setlocale} understands different
+locale names, that are not based on ISO 639 language names and ISO 3166 country
+names.
 @end itemize
 
 Portability problems not fixed by Gnulib:
@@ -15,7 +23,10 @@
 @item
 On Cygwin 1.5.x, which doesn't have locales,
 @code{setlocale(LC_ALL,NULL)} always returns @code{"C"}.
-
 @item
 On Cygwin 1.7.0, only the charset portion of a locale designation is honored.
+@item
+On Windows platforms (excluding Cygwin), @code{setlocale(LC_ALL,@var{name})}
+succeeds and sets the LC_CTYPE category to @samp{C} when it does not support
+the encoding, instead of failing.
 @end itemize

--- a/lib/locale.in.h
+++ b/lib/locale.in.h
@@ -47,6 +47,26 @@
 # define LC_MESSAGES 1729
 #endif
 
+#if @GNULIB_SETLOCALE@
+# if @REPLACE_SETLOCALE@
+#  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)
+#   undef setlocale
+#   define setlocale rpl_setlocale
+#  endif
+_GL_FUNCDECL_RPL (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+_GL_CXXALIAS_RPL (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+# else
+_GL_CXXALIAS_SYS (setlocale, char *, (int category, const char *locale));
+# endif
+_GL_CXXALIASWARN (setlocale);
+#elif defined GNULIB_POSIXCHECK
+# undef setlocale
+# if HAVE_RAW_DECL_SETLOCALE
+_GL_WARN_ON_USE (setlocale, "setlocale works differently on native Windows - "
+                 "use gnulib module setlocale for portability");
+# endif
+#endif
+
 #if @GNULIB_DUPLOCALE@
 # if @REPLACE_DUPLOCALE@
 #  if !(defined __cplusplus && defined GNULIB_NAMESPACE)

new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/setlocale.c
@@ -0,0 +1,892 @@
+/* Set the current locale.
+   Copyright (C) 2009, 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+
+   This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
+   it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+   the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or
+   (at your option) any later version.
+
+   This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+   but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+   MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+   GNU General Public License for more details.
+
+   You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+   along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.  */
+
+/* Written by Bruno Haible <bruno@clisp.org>, 2009.  */
+
+#include <config.h>
+
+/* Override setlocale() so that when the default locale is requested
+   (locale = ""), the environment variables LC_ALL, LC_*, and LANG are
+   considered.
+   Also include all the functionality from libintl's setlocale() override.  */
+
+/* Please keep this file in sync with
+   gettext/gettext-runtime/intl/setlocale.c !  */
+
+/* Specification.  */
+#include <locale.h>
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+
+#include "localename.h"
+
+#if 1
+
+# undef setlocale
+
+/* Return string representation of locale category CATEGORY.  */
+static const char *
+category_to_name (int category)
+{
+  const char *retval;
+
+  switch (category)
+  {
+  case LC_COLLATE:
+    retval = "LC_COLLATE";
+    break;
+  case LC_CTYPE:
+    retval = "LC_CTYPE";
+    break;
+  case LC_MONETARY:
+    retval = "LC_MONETARY";
+    break;
+  case LC_NUMERIC:
+    retval = "LC_NUMERIC";
+    break;
+  case LC_TIME:
+    retval = "LC_TIME";
+    break;
+  case LC_MESSAGES:
+    retval = "LC_MESSAGES";
+    break;
+  default:
+    /* If you have a better idea for a default value let me know.  */
+    retval = "LC_XXX";
+  }
+
+  return retval;
+}
+
+# if (defined _WIN32 || defined __WIN32__) && ! defined __CYGWIN__
+
+/* The native Win32 setlocale() function expects locale names of the form
+   "German" or "German_Germany" or "DEU", but not "de" or "de_DE".  We need
+   to convert the names from the form with ISO 639 language code and ISO 3166
+   country code to the form with English names or with three-letter identifier.
+   The three-letter identifiers known by a Windows XP SP2 or SP3 are:
+     AFK  Afrikaans_South Africa.1252
+     ARA  Arabic_Saudi Arabia.1256
+     ARB  Arabic_Lebanon.1256
+     ARE  Arabic_Egypt.1256
+     ARG  Arabic_Algeria.1256
+     ARH  Arabic_Bahrain.1256
+     ARI  Arabic_Iraq.1256
+     ARJ  Arabic_Jordan.1256
+     ARK  Arabic_Kuwait.1256
+     ARL  Arabic_Libya.1256
+     ARM  Arabic_Morocco.1256
+     ARO  Arabic_Oman.1256
+     ARQ  Arabic_Qatar.1256
+     ARS  Arabic_Syria.1256
+     ART  Arabic_Tunisia.1256
+     ARU  Arabic_U.A.E..1256
+     ARY  Arabic_Yemen.1256
+     AZE  Azeri (Latin)_Azerbaijan.1254
+     BEL  Belarusian_Belarus.1251
+     BGR  Bulgarian_Bulgaria.1251
+     BSB  Bosnian_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     BSC  Bosnian (Cyrillic)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250  (wrong encoding!)
+     CAT  Catalan_Spain.1252
+     CHH  Chinese_Hong Kong S.A.R..950
+     CHI  Chinese_Singapore.936
+     CHS  Chinese_People's Republic of China.936
+     CHT  Chinese_Taiwan.950
+     CSY  Czech_Czech Republic.1250
+     CYM  Welsh_United Kingdom.1252
+     DAN  Danish_Denmark.1252
+     DEA  German_Austria.1252
+     DEC  German_Liechtenstein.1252
+     DEL  German_Luxembourg.1252
+     DES  German_Switzerland.1252
+     DEU  German_Germany.1252
+     ELL  Greek_Greece.1253
+     ENA  English_Australia.1252
+     ENB  English_Caribbean.1252
+     ENC  English_Canada.1252
+     ENG  English_United Kingdom.1252
+     ENI  English_Ireland.1252
+     ENJ  English_Jamaica.1252
+     ENL  English_Belize.1252
+     ENP  English_Republic of the Philippines.1252
+     ENS  English_South Africa.1252
+     ENT  English_Trinidad and Tobago.1252
+     ENU  English_United States.1252
+     ENW  English_Zimbabwe.1252
+     ENZ  English_New Zealand.1252
+     ESA  Spanish_Panama.1252
+     ESB  Spanish_Bolivia.1252
+     ESC  Spanish_Costa Rica.1252
+     ESD  Spanish_Dominican Republic.1252
+     ESE  Spanish_El Salvador.1252
+     ESF  Spanish_Ecuador.1252
+     ESG  Spanish_Guatemala.1252
+     ESH  Spanish_Honduras.1252
+     ESI  Spanish_Nicaragua.1252
+     ESL  Spanish_Chile.1252
+     ESM  Spanish_Mexico.1252
+     ESN  Spanish_Spain.1252
+     ESO  Spanish_Colombia.1252
+     ESP  Spanish_Spain.1252
+     ESR  Spanish_Peru.1252
+     ESS  Spanish_Argentina.1252
+     ESU  Spanish_Puerto Rico.1252
+     ESV  Spanish_Venezuela.1252
+     ESY  Spanish_Uruguay.1252
+     ESZ  Spanish_Paraguay.1252
+     ETI  Estonian_Estonia.1257
+     EUQ  Basque_Spain.1252
+     FAR  Farsi_Iran.1256
+     FIN  Finnish_Finland.1252
+     FOS  Faroese_Faroe Islands.1252
+     FPO  Filipino_Philippines.1252
+     FRA  French_France.1252
+     FRB  French_Belgium.1252
+     FRC  French_Canada.1252
+     FRL  French_Luxembourg.1252
+     FRM  French_Principality of Monaco.1252
+     FRS  French_Switzerland.1252
+     FYN  Frisian_Netherlands.1252
+     GLC  Galician_Spain.1252
+     HEB  Hebrew_Israel.1255
+     HRB  Croatian_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     HRV  Croatian_Croatia.1250
+     HUN  Hungarian_Hungary.1250
+     IND  Indonesian_Indonesia.1252
+     IRE  Irish_Ireland.1252
+     ISL  Icelandic_Iceland.1252
+     ITA  Italian_Italy.1252
+     ITS  Italian_Switzerland.1252
+     IUK  Inuktitut (Latin)_Canada.1252
+     JPN  Japanese_Japan.932
+     KKZ  Kazakh_Kazakhstan.1251
+     KOR  Korean_Korea.949
+     KYR  Kyrgyz_Kyrgyzstan.1251
+     LBX  Luxembourgish_Luxembourg.1252
+     LTH  Lithuanian_Lithuania.1257
+     LVI  Latvian_Latvia.1257
+     MKI  FYRO Macedonian_Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia.1251
+     MON  Mongolian_Mongolia.1251
+     MPD  Mapudungun_Chile.1252
+     MSB  Malay_Brunei Darussalam.1252
+     MSL  Malay_Malaysia.1252
+     MWK  Mohawk_Canada.1252
+     NLB  Dutch_Belgium.1252
+     NLD  Dutch_Netherlands.1252
+     NON  Norwegian-Nynorsk_Norway.1252
+     NOR  Norwegian (Bokmål)_Norway.1252
+     NSO  Northern Sotho_South Africa.1252
+     PLK  Polish_Poland.1250
+     PTB  Portuguese_Brazil.1252
+     PTG  Portuguese_Portugal.1252
+     QUB  Quechua_Bolivia.1252
+     QUE  Quechua_Ecuador.1252
+     QUP  Quechua_Peru.1252
+     RMC  Romansh_Switzerland.1252
+     ROM  Romanian_Romania.1250
+     RUS  Russian_Russia.1251
+     SKY  Slovak_Slovakia.1250
+     SLV  Slovenian_Slovenia.1250
+     SMA  Sami (Southern)_Norway.1252
+     SMB  Sami (Southern)_Sweden.1252
+     SME  Sami (Northern)_Norway.1252
+     SMF  Sami (Northern)_Sweden.1252
+     SMG  Sami (Northern)_Finland.1252
+     SMJ  Sami (Lule)_Norway.1252
+     SMK  Sami (Lule)_Sweden.1252
+     SMN  Sami (Inari)_Finland.1252
+     SMS  Sami (Skolt)_Finland.1252
+     SQI  Albanian_Albania.1250
+     SRB  Serbian (Cyrillic)_Serbia and Montenegro.1251
+     SRL  Serbian (Latin)_Serbia and Montenegro.1250
+     SRN  Serbian (Cyrillic)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1251
+     SRS  Serbian (Latin)_Bosnia and Herzegovina.1250
+     SVE  Swedish_Sweden.1252
+     SVF  Swedish_Finland.1252
+     SWK  Swahili_Kenya.1252
+     THA  Thai_Thailand.874
+     TRK  Turkish_Turkey.1254
+     TSN  Tswana_South Africa.1252
+     TTT  Tatar_Russia.1251
+     UKR  Ukrainian_Ukraine.1251
+     URD  Urdu_Islamic Republic of Pakistan.1256
+     USA  English_United States.1252
+     UZB  Uzbek (Latin)_Uzbekistan.1254
+     VIT  Vietnamese_Viet Nam.1258
+     XHO  Xhosa_South Africa.1252
+     ZHH  Chinese_Hong Kong S.A.R..950
+     ZHI  Chinese_Singapore.936
+     ZHM  Chinese_Macau S.A.R..950
+     ZUL  Zulu_South Africa.1252
+ */
+
+/* Table from ISO 639 language code, optionally with country or script suffix,
+   to English name.
+   Keep in sync with the gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID function in
+   localename.c!  */
+struct table_entry
+{
+  const char *code;
+  const char *english;
+};
+static const struct table_entry language_table[] =
+  {
+    { "af", "Afrikaans" },
+    { "am", "Amharic" },
+    { "ar", "Arabic" },
+    { "arn", "Mapudungun" },
+    { "as", "Assamese" },
+    { "az@cyrillic", "Azeri (Cyrillic)" },
+    { "az@latin", "Azeri (Latin)" },
+    { "ba", "Bashkir" },
+    { "be", "Belarusian" },
+    { "ber", "Tamazight" },
+    { "ber@arabic", "Tamazight (Arabic)" },
+    { "ber@latin", "Tamazight (Latin)" },
+    { "bg", "Bulgarian" },
+    { "bin", "Edo" },
+    { "bn", "Bengali" },
+    { "bn_BD", "Bengali (Bangladesh)" },
+    { "bn_IN", "Bengali (India)" },
+    { "bnt", "Sutu" },
+    { "bo", "Tibetan" },
+    { "br", "Breton" },
+    { "bs", "BSB" }, /* "Bosnian (Latin)" */
+    { "bs@cyrillic", "BSC" }, /* Bosnian (Cyrillic) */
+    { "ca", "Catalan" },
+    { "chr", "Cherokee" },
+    { "co", "Corsican" },
+    { "cpe", "Hawaiian" },
+    { "cs", "Czech" },
+    { "cy", "Welsh" },
+    { "da", "Danish" },
+    { "de", "German" },
+    { "dsb", "Lower Sorbian" },
+    { "dv", "Divehi" },
+    { "el", "Greek" },
+    { "en", "English" },
+    { "es", "Spanish" },
+    { "et", "Estonian" },
+    { "eu", "Basque" },
+    { "fa", "Farsi" },
+    { "ff", "Fulfulde" },
+    { "fi", "Finnish" },
+    { "fo", "Faroese" }, /* "Faeroese" does not work */
+    { "fr", "French" },
+    { "fy", "Frisian" },
+    { "ga", "IRE" }, /* Gaelic (Ireland) */
+    { "gd", "Gaelic (Scotland)" },
+    { "gd", "Scottish Gaelic" },
+    { "gl", "Galician" },
+    { "gn", "Guarani" },
+    { "gsw", "Alsatian" },
+    { "gu", "Gujarati" },
+    { "ha", "Hausa" },
+    { "he", "Hebrew" },
+    { "hi", "Hindi" },
+    { "hr", "Croatian" },
+    { "hsb", "Upper Sorbian" },
+    { "hu", "Hungarian" },
+    { "hy", "Armenian" },
+    { "id", "Indonesian" },
+    { "ig", "Igbo" },
+    { "ii", "Yi" },
+    { "is", "Icelandic" },
+    { "it", "Italian" },
+    { "iu", "IUK" }, /* Inuktitut */
+    { "ja", "Japanese" },
+    { "ka", "Georgian" },
+    { "kk", "Kazakh" },
+    { "kl", "Greenlandic" },
+    { "km", "Cambodian" },
+    { "km", "Khmer" },
+    { "kn", "Kannada" },
+    { "ko", "Korean" },
+    { "kok", "Konkani" },
+    { "kr", "Kanuri" },
+    { "ks", "Kashmiri" },
+    { "ks_IN", "Kashmiri_India" },
+    { "ks_PK", "Kashmiri (Arabic)_Pakistan" },
+    { "ky", "Kyrgyz" },
+    { "la", "Latin" },
+    { "lb", "Luxembourgish" },
+    { "lo", "Lao" },
+    { "lt", "Lithuanian" },
+    { "lv", "Latvian" },
+    { "mi", "Maori" },
+    { "mk", "FYRO Macedonian" },
+    { "mk", "Macedonian" },
+    { "ml", "Malayalam" },
+    { "mn", "Mongolian" },
+    { "mni", "Manipuri" },
+    { "moh", "Mohawk" },
+    { "mr", "Marathi" },
+    { "ms", "Malay" },
+    { "mt", "Maltese" },
+    { "my", "Burmese" },
+    { "nb", "NOR" }, /* Norwegian Bokmål */
+    { "ne", "Nepali" },
+    { "nic", "Ibibio" },
+    { "nl", "Dutch" },
+    { "nn", "NON" }, /* Norwegian Nynorsk */
+    { "no", "Norwegian" },
+    { "nso", "Northern Sotho" },
+    { "nso", "Sepedi" },
+    { "oc", "Occitan" },
+    { "om", "Oromo" },
+    { "or", "Oriya" },
+    { "pa", "Punjabi" },
+    { "pap", "Papiamentu" },
+    { "pl", "Polish" },
+    { "prs", "Dari" },
+    { "ps", "Pashto" },
+    { "pt", "Portuguese" },
+    { "qu", "Quechua" },
+    { "qut", "K'iche'" },
+    { "rm", "Romansh" },
+    { "ro", "Romanian" },
+    { "ru", "Russian" },
+    { "rw", "Kinyarwanda" },
+    { "sa", "Sanskrit" },
+    { "sah", "Yakut" },
+    { "sd", "Sindhi" },
+    { "se", "Sami (Northern)" },
+    { "se", "Northern Sami" },
+    { "si", "Sinhalese" },
+    { "sk", "Slovak" },
+    { "sl", "Slovenian" },
+    { "sma", "Sami (Southern)" },
+    { "sma", "Southern Sami" },
+    { "smj", "Sami (Lule)" },
+    { "smj", "Lule Sami" },
+    { "smn", "Sami (Inari)" },
+    { "smn", "Inari Sami" },
+    { "sms", "Sami (Skolt)" },
+    { "sms", "Skolt Sami" },
+    { "so", "Somali" },
+    { "sq", "Albanian" },
+    { "sr", "Serbian (Latin)" },
+    { "sr@cyrillic", "SRB" }, /* Serbian (Cyrillic) */
+    { "sw", "Swahili" },
+    { "syr", "Syriac" },
+    { "ta", "Tamil" },
+    { "te", "Telugu" },
+    { "tg", "Tajik" },
+    { "th", "Thai" },
+    { "ti", "Tigrinya" },
+    { "tk", "Turkmen" },
+    { "tl", "Filipino" },
+    { "tn", "Tswana" },
+    { "tr", "Turkish" },
+    { "ts", "Tsonga" },
+    { "tt", "Tatar" },
+    { "ug", "Uighur" },
+    { "uk", "Ukrainian" },
+    { "ur", "Urdu" },
+    { "uz", "Uzbek" },
+    { "uz", "Uzbek (Latin)" },
+    { "uz@cyrillic", "Uzbek (Cyrillic)" },
+    { "ve", "Venda" },
+    { "vi", "Vietnamese" },
+    { "wen", "Sorbian" },
+    { "wo", "Wolof" },
+    { "xh", "Xhosa" },
+    { "yi", "Yiddish" },
+    { "yo", "Yoruba" },
+    { "zh", "Chinese" },
+    { "zu", "Zulu" }
+  };
+
+/* Table from ISO 3166 country code to English name.
+   Keep in sync with the gl_locale_name_from_win32_LANGID function in
+   localename.c!  */
+static const struct table_entry country_table[] =
+  {
+    { "AE", "U.A.E." },
+    { "AF", "Afghanistan" },
+    { "AL", "Albania" },
+    { "AM", "Armenia" },
+    { "AN", "Netherlands Antilles" },
+    { "AR", "Argentina" },
+    { "AT", "Austria" },
+    { "AU", "Australia" },
+    { "AZ", "Azerbaijan" },
+    { "BA", "Bosnia and Herzegovina" },
+    { "BD", "Bangladesh" },
+    { "BE", "Belgium" },
+    { "BG", "Bulgaria" },
+    { "BH", "Bahrain" },
+    { "BN", "Brunei Darussalam" },
+    { "BO", "Bolivia" },
+    { "BR", "Brazil" },
+    { "BT", "Bhutan" },
+    { "BY", "Belarus" },
+    { "BZ", "Belize" },
+    { "CA", "Canada" },
+    { "CG", "Congo" },
+    { "CH", "Switzerland" },
+    { "CI", "Cote d'Ivoire" },
+    { "CL", "Chile" },
+    { "CM", "Cameroon" },
+    { "CN", "People's Republic of China" },
+    { "CO", "Colombia" },
+    { "CR", "Costa Rica" },
+    { "CS", "Serbia and Montenegro" },
+    { "CZ", "Czech Republic" },
+    { "DE", "Germany" },
+    { "DK", "Denmark" },
+    { "DO", "Dominican Republic" },
+    { "DZ", "Algeria" },
+    { "EC", "Ecuador" },
+    { "EE", "Estonia" },
+    { "EG", "Egypt" },
+    { "ER", "Eritrea" },
+    { "ES", "Spain" },
+    { "ET", "Ethiopia" },
+    { "FI", "Finland" },
+    { "FO", "Faroe Islands" },
+    { "FR", "France" },
+    { "GB", "United Kingdom" },
+    { "GD", "Caribbean" },
+    { "GE", "Georgia" },
+    { "GL", "Greenland" },
+    { "GR", "Greece" },
+    { "GT", "Guatemala" },
+    { "HK", "Hong Kong" },
+    { "HK", "Hong Kong S.A.R." },
+    { "HN", "Honduras" },
+    { "HR", "Croatia" },
+    { "HT", "Haiti" },
+    { "HU", "Hungary" },
+    { "ID", "Indonesia" },
+    { "IE", "Ireland" },
+    { "IL", "Israel" },
+    { "IN", "India" },
+    { "IQ", "Iraq" },
+    { "IR", "Iran" },
+    { "IS", "Iceland" },
+    { "IT", "Italy" },
+    { "JM", "Jamaica" },
+    { "JO", "Jordan" },
+    { "JP", "Japan" },
+    { "KE", "Kenya" },
+    { "KG", "Kyrgyzstan" },
+    { "KH", "Cambodia" },
+    { "KR", "South Korea" },
+    { "KW", "Kuwait" },
+    { "KZ", "Kazakhstan" },
+    { "LA", "Laos" },
+    { "LB", "Lebanon" },
+    { "LI", "Liechtenstein" },
+    { "LK", "Sri Lanka" },
+    { "LT", "Lithuania" },
+    { "LU", "Luxembourg" },
+    { "LV", "Latvia" },
+    { "LY", "Libya" },
+    { "MA", "Morocco" },
+    { "MC", "Principality of Monaco" },
+    { "MD", "Moldava" },
+    { "MD", "Moldova" },
+    { "ME", "Montenegro" },
+    { "MK", "Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia" },
+    { "ML", "Mali" },
+    { "MM", "Myanmar" },
+    { "MN", "Mongolia" },
+    { "MO", "Macau S.A.R." },
+    { "MT", "Malta" },
+    { "MV", "Maldives" },
+    { "MX", "Mexico" },
+    { "MY", "Malaysia" },
+    { "NG", "Nigeria" },
+    { "NI", "Nicaragua" },
+    { "NL", "Netherlands" },
+    { "NO", "Norway" },
+    { "NP", "Nepal" },
+    { "NZ", "New Zealand" },
+    { "OM", "Oman" },
+    { "PA", "Panama" },
+    { "PE", "Peru" },
+    { "PH", "Philippines" },
+    { "PK", "Islamic Republic of Pakistan" },
+    { "PL", "Poland" },
+    { "PR", "Puerto Rico" },
+    { "PT", "Portugal" },
+    { "PY", "Paraguay" },
+    { "QA", "Qatar" },
+    { "RE", "Reunion" },
+    { "RO", "Romania" },
+    { "RS", "Serbia" },
+    { "RU", "Russia" },
+    { "RW", "Rwanda" },
+    { "SA", "Saudi Arabia" },
+    { "SE", "Sweden" },
+    { "SG", "Singapore" },
+    { "SI", "Slovenia" },
+    { "SK", "Slovak" },
+    { "SN", "Senegal" },
+    { "SO", "Somalia" },
+    { "SR", "Suriname" },
+    { "SV", "El Salvador" },
+    { "SY", "Syria" },
+    { "TH", "Thailand" },
+    { "TJ", "Tajikistan" },
+    { "TM", "Turkmenistan" },
+    { "TN", "Tunisia" },
+    { "TR", "Turkey" },
+    { "TT", "Trinidad and Tobago" },
+    { "TW", "Taiwan" },
+    { "TZ", "Tanzania" },
+    { "UA", "Ukraine" },
+    { "US", "United States" },
+    { "UY", "Uruguay" },
+    { "VA", "Vatican" },
+    { "VE", "Venezuela" },
+    { "VN", "Viet Nam" },
+    { "YE", "Yemen" },
+    { "ZA", "South Africa" },
+    { "ZW", "Zimbabwe" }
+  };
+
+/* Given a string STRING, find the set of indices i such that TABLE[i].code is
+   the given STRING.  It is a range [lo,hi-1].  */
+typedef struct { size_t lo; size_t hi; } range_t;
+static void
+search (const struct table_entry *table, size_t table_size, const char *string,
+        range_t *result)
+{
+  /* The table is sorted.  Perform a binary search.  */
+  size_t hi = table_size;
+  size_t lo = 0;
+  while (lo < hi)
+    {
+      /* Invariant:
+         for i < lo, strcmp (table[i].code, string) < 0,
+         for i >= hi, strcmp (table[i].code, string) > 0.  */
+      size_t mid = (hi + lo) >> 1; /* >= lo, < hi */
+      int cmp = strcmp (table[mid].code, string);
+      if (cmp < 0)
+        lo = mid + 1;
+      else if (cmp > 0)
+        hi = mid;
+      else
+        {
+          /* Found an i with
+               strcmp (language_table[i].code, string) == 0.
+             Find the entire interval of such i.  */
+          {
+            size_t i;
+
+            for (i = mid; i > lo; )
+              {
+                i--;
+                if (strcmp (table[i].code, string) < 0)
+                  {
+                    lo = i + 1;
+                    break;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+          {
+            size_t i;
+
+            for (i = mid; i < hi; i++)
+              {
+                if (strcmp (table[i].code, string) > 0)
+                  {
+                    hi = i;
+                    break;
+                  }
+              }
+          }
+          /* The set of i with
+               strcmp (language_table[i].code, string) == 0
+             is the interval [lo, hi-1].  */
+          break;
+        }
+    }
+  result->lo = lo;
+  result->hi = hi;
+}
+
+/* Like setlocale, but accept also locale names in the form ll or ll_CC,
+   where ll is an ISO 639 language code and CC is an ISO 3166 country code.  */
+static char *
+setlocale_unixlike (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  char *result;
+  char llCC_buf[64];
+  char ll_buf[64];
+  char CC_buf[64];
+
+  /* First, try setlocale with the original argument unchanged.  */
+  result = setlocale (category, locale);
+  if (result != NULL)
+    return result;
+
+  /* Otherwise, assume the argument is in the form
+       language[_territory][.codeset][@modifier]
+     and try to map it using the tables.  */
+  if (strlen (locale) < sizeof (llCC_buf))
+    {
+      /* Second try: Remove the codeset part.  */
+      {
+        const char *p = locale;
+        char *q = llCC_buf;
+
+        /* Copy the part before the dot.  */
+        for (; *p != '\0' && *p != '.'; p++, q++)
+          *q = *p;
+        if (*p == '.')
+          /* Skip the part up to the '@', if any.  */
+          for (; *p != '\0' && *p != '@'; p++)
+            ;
+        /* Copy the part starting with '@', if any.  */
+        for (; *p != '\0'; p++, q++)
+          *q = *p;
+        *q = '\0';
+      }
+      /* llCC_buf now contains
+           language[_territory][@modifier]
+       */
+      if (strcmp (llCC_buf, locale) != 0)
+        {
+          result = setlocale (category, llCC_buf);
+          if (result != NULL)
+            return result;
+        }
+      /* Look it up in language_table.  */
+      {
+        range_t range;
+        size_t i;
+
+        search (language_table,
+                sizeof (language_table) / sizeof (language_table[0]),
+                llCC_buf,
+                &range);
+
+        for (i = range.lo; i < range.hi; i++)
+          {
+            /* Try the replacement in language_table[i].  */
+            result = setlocale (category, language_table[i].english);
+            if (result != NULL)
+              return result;
+          }
+      }
+      /* Split language[_territory][@modifier]
+         into  ll_buf = language[@modifier]
+         and   CC_buf = territory
+       */
+      {
+        const char *underscore = strchr (llCC_buf, '_');
+        if (underscore != NULL)
+          {
+            const char *territory_start = underscore + 1;
+            const char *territory_end = strchr (territory_start, '@');
+            if (territory_end == NULL)
+              territory_end = territory_start + strlen (territory_start);
+
+            memcpy (ll_buf, llCC_buf, underscore - llCC_buf);
+            strcpy (ll_buf + (underscore - llCC_buf), territory_end);
+
+            memcpy (CC_buf, territory_start, territory_end - territory_start);
+            CC_buf[territory_end - territory_start] = '\0';
+
+            {
+              /* Look up ll_buf in language_table
+                 and CC_buf in country_table.  */
+              range_t language_range;
+
+              search (language_table,
+                      sizeof (language_table) / sizeof (language_table[0]),
+                      ll_buf,
+                      &language_range);
+              if (language_range.lo < language_range.hi)
+                {
+                  range_t country_range;
+
+                  search (country_table,
+                          sizeof (country_table) / sizeof (country_table[0]),
+                          CC_buf,
+                          &country_range);
+                  if (country_range.lo < country_range.hi)
+                    {
+                      size_t i;
+                      size_t j;
+
+                      for (i = language_range.lo; i < language_range.hi; i++)
+                        for (j = country_range.lo; j < country_range.hi; j++)
+                          {
+                            /* Concatenate the replacements.  */
+                            const char *part1 = language_table[i].english;
+                            size_t part1_len = strlen (part1);
+                            const char *part2 = country_table[j].english;
+                            size_t part2_len = strlen (part2) + 1;
+                            char buf[64+64];
+
+                            if (!(part1_len + 1 + part2_len <= sizeof (buf)))
+                              abort ();
+                            memcpy (buf, part1, part1_len);
+                            buf[part1_len] = '_';
+                            memcpy (buf + part1_len + 1, part2, part2_len);
+
+                            /* Try the concatenated replacements.  */
+                            result = setlocale (category, buf);
+                            if (result != NULL)
+                              return result;
+                          }
+                    }
+
+                  /* Try omitting the country entirely.  This may set a locale
+                     corresponding to the wrong country, but is better than
+                     failing entirely.  */
+                  {
+                    size_t i;
+
+                    for (i = language_range.lo; i < language_range.hi; i++)
+                      {
+                        /* Try only the language replacement.  */
+                        result =
+                          setlocale (category, language_table[i].english);
+                        if (result != NULL)
+                          return result;
+                      }
+                  }
+                }
+            }
+          }
+      }
+    }
+
+  /* Failed.  */
+  return NULL;
+}
+
+# else
+#  define setlocale_unixlike setlocale
+# endif
+
+# if LC_MESSAGES == 1729
+
+/* The system does not store an LC_MESSAGES locale category.  Do it here.  */
+static char lc_messages_name[64] = "C";
+
+/* Like setlocale, but support also LC_MESSAGES.  */
+static char *
+setlocale_single (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  if (category == LC_MESSAGES)
+    {
+      if (locale != NULL)
+        {
+          lc_messages_name[sizeof (lc_messages_name) - 1] = '\0';
+          strncpy (lc_messages_name, locale, sizeof (lc_messages_name) - 1);
+        }
+      return lc_messages_name;
+    }
+  else
+    return setlocale_unixlike (category, locale);
+}
+
+# else
+#  define setlocale_single setlocale_unixlike
+# endif
+
+char *
+rpl_setlocale (int category, const char *locale)
+{
+  if (locale != NULL && locale[0] == '\0')
+    {
+      /* A request to the set the current locale to the default locale.  */
+      if (category == LC_ALL)
+        {
+          /* Set LC_CTYPE first.  Then the other categories.  */
+          static int const categories[] =
+            {
+              LC_NUMERIC,
+              LC_TIME,
+              LC_COLLATE,
+              LC_MONETARY,
+              LC_MESSAGES
+            };
+          char *saved_locale;
+          const char *base_name;
+          unsigned int i;
+
+          /* Back up the old locale, in case one of the steps fails.  */
+          saved_locale = setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+          saved_locale = strdup (saved_locale);
+          if (saved_locale == NULL)
+            return NULL;
+
+          /* Set LC_CTYPE category.  Set all other categories (except possibly
+             LC_MESSAGES) to the same value in the same call; this is likely to
+             save calls.  */
+          base_name =
+            gl_locale_name_environ (LC_CTYPE, category_to_name (LC_CTYPE));
+          if (base_name == NULL)
+            base_name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+          if (setlocale_unixlike (LC_ALL, base_name) == NULL)
+            goto fail;
+
+          for (i = 0; i < sizeof (categories) / sizeof (categories[0]); i++)
+            {
+              int cat = categories[i];
+              const char *name;
+
+              name = gl_locale_name_environ (cat, category_to_name (cat));
+              if (name == NULL)
+                name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+              /* If name is the same as base_name, it has already been set
+                 through the setlocale call before the loop.  */
+              if (strcmp (name, base_name) != 0
+# if LC_MESSAGES == 1729
+                  || cat == LC_MESSAGES
+# endif
+                 )
+                if (setlocale_single (cat, name) == NULL)
+                  goto fail;
+            }
+
+          /* All steps were successful.  */
+          free (saved_locale);
+          return setlocale (LC_ALL, NULL);
+
+        fail:
+          if (saved_locale[0] != '\0') /* don't risk an endless recursion */
+            setlocale (LC_ALL, saved_locale);
+          free (saved_locale);
+          return NULL;
+        }
+      else
+        {
+          const char *name =
+            gl_locale_name_environ (category, category_to_name (category));
+          if (name == NULL)
+            name = gl_locale_name_default ();
+
+          return setlocale_single (category, name);
+        }
+    }
+  else
+    return setlocale_single (category, locale);
+}
+
+#endif

--- a/m4/locale_h.m4
+++ b/m4/locale_h.m4
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-# locale_h.m4 serial 12
+# locale_h.m4 serial 13
 dnl Copyright (C) 2007, 2009-2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
 dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
 dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
@@ -70,7 +70,8 @@
 #if HAVE_XLOCALE_H
 # include <xlocale.h>
 #endif
-   ]], [duplocale])
+    ]],
+    [setlocale duplocale])
 ])
 
 dnl Unconditionally enables the replacement of <locale.h>.
@@ -91,8 +92,10 @@
 
 AC_DEFUN([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS],
 [
+  GNULIB_SETLOCALE=0;  AC_SUBST([GNULIB_SETLOCALE])
   GNULIB_DUPLOCALE=0;  AC_SUBST([GNULIB_DUPLOCALE])
   dnl Assume proper GNU behavior unless another module says otherwise.
   HAVE_DUPLOCALE=1;    AC_SUBST([HAVE_DUPLOCALE])
+  REPLACE_SETLOCALE=0; AC_SUBST([REPLACE_SETLOCALE])
   REPLACE_DUPLOCALE=0; AC_SUBST([REPLACE_DUPLOCALE])
 ])

new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/m4/setlocale.m4
@@ -0,0 +1,27 @@
+# setlocale.m4 serial 1
+dnl Copyright (C) 2011 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
+dnl This file is free software; the Free Software Foundation
+dnl gives unlimited permission to copy and/or distribute it,
+dnl with or without modifications, as long as this notice is preserved.
+
+AC_DEFUN([gl_FUNC_SETLOCALE],
+[
+  AC_REQUIRE([gl_LOCALE_H_DEFAULTS])
+  AC_REQUIRE([AC_CANONICAL_HOST])
+  case "$host_os" in
+    dnl On native Windows systems, setlocale(category,NULL) does not look at
+    dnl the environment variables LC_ALL, category, and LANG.
+    mingw*) REPLACE_SETLOCALE=1 ;;
+  esac
+  if test $REPLACE_SETLOCALE = 1; then
+    gl_REPLACE_LOCALE_H
+    AC_LIBOBJ([setlocale])
+    gl_PREREQ_SETLOCALE
+  fi
+])
+
+# Prerequisites of lib/setlocale.c.
+AC_DEFUN([gl_PREREQ_SETLOCALE],
+[
+  :
+])

--- a/modules/locale
+++ b/modules/locale
@@ -28,9 +28,11 @@
 	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER''@|@PRAGMA_SYSTEM_HEADER@|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''PRAGMA_COLUMNS''@|@PRAGMA_COLUMNS@|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''NEXT_LOCALE_H''@|$(NEXT_LOCALE_H)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''GNULIB_SETLOCALE''@|$(GNULIB_SETLOCALE)|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''GNULIB_DUPLOCALE''@|$(GNULIB_DUPLOCALE)|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''HAVE_DUPLOCALE''@|$(HAVE_DUPLOCALE)|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''HAVE_XLOCALE_H''@|$(HAVE_XLOCALE_H)|g' \
+	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_SETLOCALE''@|$(REPLACE_SETLOCALE)|g' \
 	      -e 's|@''REPLACE_DUPLOCALE''@|$(REPLACE_DUPLOCALE)|g' \
 	      -e '/definitions of _GL_FUNCDECL_RPL/r $(CXXDEFS_H)' \
 	      -e '/definition of _GL_ARG_NONNULL/r $(ARG_NONNULL_H)' \

new file mode 100644
--- /dev/null
+++ b/modules/setlocale
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+Description:
+setlocale() function: set the current locale.
+
+Files:
+lib/setlocale.c
+m4/setlocale.m4
+
+Depends-on:
+locale
+localename
+
+configure.ac:
+gl_FUNC_SETLOCALE
+gl_LOCALE_MODULE_INDICATOR([setlocale])
+
+Makefile.am:
+
+Include:
+<locale.h>
+
+License:
+LGPL
+
+Maintainer:
+Bruno Haible

--- a/tests/test-locale-c++.cc
+++ b/tests/test-locale-c++.cc
@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@
 #include "signature.h"
 
 
+#if GNULIB_TEST_SETLOCALE
+SIGNATURE_CHECK (GNULIB_NAMESPACE::setlocale, char *, (int, const char *));
+#endif
+
 #if GNULIB_TEST_DUPLOCALE && HAVE_DUPLOCALE
 SIGNATURE_CHECK (GNULIB_NAMESPACE::duplocale, locale_t, (locale_t));
 #endif