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+## Copyright (C) 1995, 1996, 1997  Kurt Hornik
+## 
+## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+## the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at your option)
+## any later version.
+## 
+## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the GNU
+## General Public License for more details. 
+## 
+## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+## along with this file.  If not, write to the Free Software Foundation,
+## 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307, USA.
+
+## usage:  studentize (x)
+##
+## If x is a vector, subtract its mean and divide by its standard
+## deviation.
+##
+## If x is a matrix, do the above for each column.
+
+## Author:  KH <Kurt.Hornik@ci.tuwien.ac.at>
+## Description:  Subtract mean and divide by standard deviation
+
+function t = studentize (x)
+  
+  if (nargin != 1)
+    usage ("studentize (x)");
+  endif
+
+  if is_vector (x)
+    if (std (x) == 0)
+      t = zeros (size (x));
+    else
+      t = (x - mean (x)) / std (x);
+    endif
+  elseif is_matrix (x)
+    l = ones (rows (x), 1);
+    t = x - l * mean (x);
+    t = t ./ (l * max ([std (t); !any (t)]));
+  else
+    error ("studentize:  x must be a vector or a matrix.");
+  endif
+
+endfunction
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