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%{
%  /Title       (What is Octave?)
%  /Creator     (TeX)
%  /Author      (Jordi Guti\'errez Hermoso)
%}


\title{GNU Octave\\ A free high-level tool for Scientific Computing}
\author[cdf, jgh]{{\bf Carlo de Falco}, Jordi Guti\'errez Hermoso}

\begin{document}

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\section{What is Octave?}
\subsection{Definition}
\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{What is Octave?}
  \begin{block}{Octave}
		{\it ``A \underline{free} \only<1->{\footnote{``free'' = ``libero'' $\neq$ ``gratis''}}
		numerical environment mostly compatible with \sc{Matlab}''}\\[3mm]
    \begin{itemize}
      \item What is compatibility? A point of much debate...      
      \item If it works in
      {\sc{Matlab}}, it should work in Octave. 
      \item If it breaks it is considered a bug.
      \item If it works in Octave, it can break in {\sc{Matlab}}.
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Lines of code}
  The stuff Octave is made of...
  \pause
  \begin{block}{Core}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item About 600,000 lines of C++
      \item About 100,000 lines of m-scripts
      \item About 50,000 lines of Fortran
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
  \pause
  \begin{block}{Octave-Forge}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item About 200,000 lines of C++
      \item About 330,000 lines of m-scripts
      \item About 50,000 lines of Fortran
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}


\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Features}
  \begin{block}{Current features}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item N-d arrays, linear algebra, sparse matrices
      \item Nonlinear equations
      \item Ordinary/Algebraic Differential Equations, 
      \item Image processing, statistics, special functions
      \item Many more...
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}

  \begin{block}{Features in development}
    \begin{itemize}
	  \item GUI
      \item JIT compiling
      \item classdef OOP
      %\item Least squares spectral analysis
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{What does it look like}
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Primarily a CLI interface
    \only<1>{\begin{figure}
    \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[height=.6\textheight]{screenshot}
    \caption{CLI screenshot}\end{center}
    \end{figure}}
    \pause
    \item Most requested feature: GUI! Will ship with next release (4.0)
    \pause
    \only<2->{\begin{figure}
    \begin{center}
    \includegraphics[height=.6\textheight]{gui_screenshot.jpg}
    \caption{Qt based GUI development started as J. Dawid's GSoC2012 project}
    \end{center}
    \end{figure}}
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}


\subsection{History}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{In the beginning... }

  
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Companion software for chemical reactor textbook by James B. Rawlings  
    and John G. Ekerdt
    \item John W. Eaton (hereafter, jwe) started coding in 1993
  \end{itemize}
  \pause

  \begin{block}{Rawlings said...}
    \begin{quote}
      \center Why don't you call it ``Octave''?
    \end{quote}
  \end{block}
  
  \begin{itemize}
  \item Octave refers to Octave Levenspiel, nothing to do with music ...
  \end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{jwe is a lone wolf...}

  jwe works almost completely alone for first four or five years.

  \pause
  
  \begin{block}{In the very beginning...}
  \begin{itemize}    
    \item No mailing lists
    \item No widespread announcements
    \item No VCS (these were dark times)
  \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Contributions slowly trickle in}
  \begin{block}{Timeline}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item[1989] Planning stages
      \item[1992] Development begins
      \item[1993] First public announcement
      \item[1994] Version 1.0
      \item[1996] Version 2.0
      \item[1998] Version 2.1 development
      \item[2004] Version 2.9 in preparation for 3.0 release
      \item[2007] Version 3.0 major upgrade
      \item[2010] Version 3.2.4, last before using hg
      \item[2011] Version 3.4.0
      \item[2012] Version 3.6.4
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Contributions slowly trickle in}
  \begin{block}{Milestones}
  \begin{itemize}
    \item[1994] Most of the current basic functionality already in.
    (Much was written during its first two years!)
    \pause
    \item[1995] Structs, {\sc{Matlab}}-style plot() command.
    \item[1998] Original sparse matrix implementation
    \item[2001] Octave-Forge's first commit
    \item[2006] MEX interface in core
    \item[2007] Implementation of handle graphics, full support for sparse matrices
    \item[2009] OpenGL plotting
    \item[2010] -forge option for pkg.m
    	\item[2011] Profiler
    \item[2012] Nested functions
    \pause
    \item[2013?] GUI, JIT compiling
  \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}


\subsection{Community dynamics}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Web resources}
  \begin{block}{Web pages}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item \href{http://www.octave.org/}{Octave website}
      \item \href{http://octave.sf.net/}{Octave-Forge website}
      \item \href{http://wiki.octave.org/}{Octave wiki}
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}

  \begin{block}{Users communication}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item \href{https://mailman.cae.wisc.edu/listinfo/help-octave}{Octave users mailing list}
      \item \href{https://lists.sourceforge.net/lists/listinfo/octave-dev}{Octave-Forge mailing list}
      \item \href{http://webchat.freenode.net/?channels=octave&uio=MT1mYWxzZSYyPXRydWUmMTI9dHJ1ZQda}
      {\#octave channel in Freenode}
      \item \href{http://savannah.gnu.org/bugs/?group=octave}{Savannah bug tracker}
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
  \pause
  \begin{block}{Developers collaboration}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item \href{http://hg.savannah.gnu.org/hgweb/octave/shortlog}{Octave Mercurial repository}
      \item \href{http://sourceforge.net/p/octave/code}{Octave-Forge Subversion repository}
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Social structure}
  \begin{itemize}
    \item Like all free projects, every user is a potential developer.
    \item 15 current Core developers (with write access to repo)
    \only<1>{\begin{figure}
       \centering
       \includegraphics[width=.5\linewidth]{Core-developers} 
    \end{figure}}
    \only<2->{\item 49 currently registered 'Forge developers (38 active)}
    \only<2>{\begin{figure}
       \centering
       \includegraphics[width=.6\linewidth]{Forge-developers} 
    \end{figure}}
    \only<3->{\item 296 total contributors over all time\\}
    {\only<3>{\fontsize{1}{.1}\selectfont  
Ben Abbott 	Andy Adler 	Giles Anderson
Joel Andersson 	Muthiah Annamalai 	Marco Atzeri
Shai Ayal 	Roger Banks 	Ben Barrowes
Alexander Barth 	David Bateman 	Heinz Bauschke
Roman Belov 	Karl Berry 	David Billinghurst
Don Bindner 	Jakub Bogusz 	Moritz Borgmann
Paul Boven 	Richard Bovey 	John Bradshaw
Marcus Brinkmann 	Remy Bruno 	Ansgar Burchard
Marco Caliari 	Daniel Calvelo 	John C. Campbell
Juan Pablo Carbajal 	Jean-Francois Cardoso 	Joao Cardoso
Larrie Carr 	David Castelow 	Vincent Cautaerts
Clinton Chee 	Albert Chin-A-Young 	Carsten Clark
J. D. Cole 	Martin Costabel 	Michael Creel
Jeff Cunningham 	Martin Dalecki 	Jorge Barros de Abreu
Carlo de Falco 	Jacob Dawid 	Thomas D. Dean
Philippe Defert 	Bill Denney 	Fabian Deutsch
Christos Dimitrakakis 	David M. Doolin 	Carnë Draug
Pascal A. Dupuis 	John W. Eaton 	Dirk Eddelbuettel
Pieter Eendebak 	Paul Eggert 	Stephen Eglen
Peter Ekberg 	Rolf Fabian 	Gunnar Farnebäck
Stephen Fegan 	Ramon Garcia Fernandez 	Torsten Finke
Jose Daniel Munoz Frias 	Brad Froehle 	Castor Fu
Eduardo Gallestey 	Walter Gautschi 	Klaus Gebhardt
Driss Ghaddab 	Nicolo Giorgetti 	Michael D. Godfrey
Michael Goffioul 	Glenn Golden 	Tomislav Goles
Keith Goodman 	Brian Gough 	Steffen Groot
Etienne Grossmann 	David Grundberg 	Peter Gustafson
Kai Habel 	Patrick Häcker 	William P. Y. Hadisoeseno
Jaroslav Hajek 	Benjamin Hall 	Kim Hansen
Søren Hauberg 	Dave Hawthorne 	Daniel Heiserer
Martin Helm 	Stefan Hepp 	Jordi Gutiérrez Hermoso
Yozo Hida 	Ryan Hinton 	Roman Hodek
A. Scottedward Hodel 	Richard Allan Holcombe 	Tom Holroyd
David Hoover 	Kurt Hornik 	Christopher Hulbert
Cyril Humbert 	Teemu Ikonen 	Alan W. Irwin
Geoff Jacobsen 	Mats Jansson 	Cai Jianming
Steven G. Johnson 	Heikki Junes 	Matthias Jüschke
Atsushi Kajita 	Jarkko Kaleva 	Mohamed Kamoun
Lute Kamstra 	Fotios Kasolis 	Thomas Kasper
Joel Keay 	Mumit Khan 	Paul Kienzle
Aaron A. King 	Arno J. Klaassen 	Alexander Klein
Geoffrey Knauth 	Heine Kolltveit 	Ken Kouno
Kacper Kowalik 	Daniel Kraft 	Aravindh Krishnamoorthy
Oyvind Kristiansen 	Piotr Krzyzanowski 	Volker Kuhlmann
Tetsuro Kurita 	Miroslaw Kwasniak 	Rafael Laboissiere
Kai Labusch 	Claude Lacoursiere 	Walter Landry
Bill Lash 	Dirk Laurie 	Maurice LeBrun
Friedrich Leisch 	Jyh-miin Lin 	Timo Lindfors
Benjamin Lindner 	Ross Lippert 	David Livings
Sebastien Loisel 	Erik de Castro Lopo 	Massimo Lorenzin
Emil Lucretiu 	Hoxide Ma 	James Macnicol
Jens-Uwe Mager 	Rob Mahurin 	Ricardo Marranita
Orestes Mas 	Makoto Matsumoto 	Tatsuro Matsuoka
Laurent Mazet 	G. D. McBain 	Alexander Mamonov
Christoph Mayer 	Júlio Hoffimann Mendes 	Thorsten Meyer
Petr Mikulik 	Stefan Monnier 	Antoine Moreau
Kai P. Mueller 	Hannes Müller 	Victor Munoz
Carmen Navarrete 	Todd Neal 	Philip Nienhuis
Al Niessner 	Rick Niles 	Takuji Nishimura
Kai Noda 	Eric Norum 	Krzesimir Nowak
Michael O'Brien 	Peter O'Gorman 	Thorsten Ohl
Arno Onken 	Luis F. Ortiz 	Scott Pakin
Gabriele Pannocchia 	Sylvain Pelissier 	Per Persson
Primozz Peterlin 	Jim Peterson 	Danilo Piazzalunga
Nicholas Piper 	Elias Pipping 	Robert Platt
Hans Ekkehard Plesser 	Tom Poage 	Orion Poplawski
Ondrej Popp 	Jef Poskanzer 	Francesco Potortì
Konstantinos Poulios 	Jarno Rajahalme 	James B. Rawlings
Eric S. Raymond 	Balint Reczey 	Joshua Redstone
Lukas Reichlin 	Michael Reifenberger 	Anthony Richardson
Jason Riedy 	E. Joshua Rigler 	Petter Risholm
Matthew W. Roberts 	Andrew Ross 	Mark van Rossum
Joe Rothweiler 	Kevin Ruland 	Kristian Rumberg
Ryan Rusaw 	Olli Saarela 	Toni Saarela
Juhani Saastamoinen 	Radek Salac 	Ben Sapp
Aleksej Saushev 	Alois Schlögl 	Michel D. Schmid
Julian Schnidder 	Nicol N. Schraudolph 	Sebastian Schubert
Ludwig Schwardt 	Thomas L. Scofield 	Daniel J. Sebald
Dmitri A. Sergatskov 	Vanya Sergeev 	Baylis Shanks
Andriy Shinkarchuck 	Robert T. Short 	Joseph P. Skudlarek
John Smith 	Julius Smith 	Shan G. Smith
Peter L. Sondergaard 	Joerg Specht 	Quentin H. Spencer
Christoph Spiel 	Richard Stallman 	Russell Standish
Brett Stewart 	Doug Stewart 	Jonathan Stickel
Judd Storrs 	Thomas Stuart 	Ivan Sutoris
John Swensen 	Daisuke Takago 	Ariel Tankus
Matthew Tenny 	Georg Thimm 	Duncan Temple Lang
Kris Thielemans 	Olaf Till 	Christophe Tournery
Thomas Treichl 	Karsten Trulsen 	Frederick Umminger
Utkarsh Upadhyay 	Stefan van der Walt 	Peter Van Wieren
James R. Van Zandt 	Gregory Vanuxem 	Ivana Varekova
Thomas Walter 	Andreas Weber 	Olaf Weber
Thomas Weber 	Rik Wehbring 	Bob Weigel
Andreas Weingessel 	Martin Weiser 	Michael Weitzel
David Wells 	Fook Fah Yap 	Sean Young
Michael Zeising 	Federico Zenith 	Alex Zvoleff }}
    \only<4->{\item How many users? Thousands? Millions?}
  \end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{From user to developer}
  This is a FAQ
  \pause
  \begin{block}{How can I contribute?}
    \begin{itemize}
      \item Code (obviously)
      \item Money (pay-what-you-need)
      \item Documentation (especially examples)
      \item Wiki maintenance
      \item Help in the mailing list
      \item Bug reporting
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
  \pause
 % Stick around this conference if you want to learn more about how to get involved!
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}
  \frametitle{Student projects}
  \begin{block}{Google Summer of Code }
    \begin{itemize}
    \item GSoC 2011
    \begin{itemize}
    \item Daniel Kraft, Profiler
    \end{itemize}
    \item GSoC 2012
    \begin{itemize}
    \item Jacob Dawid, Qt GUI
    \item Max Brister, JIT
    \item Ben Lewis, Lest Squares Spectral Analysis
    \end{itemize}
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
  \begin{block}{European Space Agency's Summer of Code in Space}
    \begin{itemize}
    \item SOCIS 2012
    \begin{itemize}
    \item Wendy Liu, Agora Octave
    \item Andrius Sutas, Instrument-Control
    \end{itemize}
    \end{itemize}
  \end{block}
  \pause
 % Stick around this conference if you want to learn more about how to get involved!
\end{frame}

\section{Octave and ...}
\subsection{Octave and Octave-Forge}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{Octave-Forge}
\begin{block}{Octave-Forge}
\href{http://octave.sf.net}{Octave Forge} Is a place for concurrently developing and distributing 
extension packages for Octave.
\end{block}
\begin{itemize}
\item Each package has a \emph{maintainer} responsible for updating and releasing new versions of the package
\item Some packages are maintained by \emph{The Community}
\item Installation via an integrated \emph{package manager}
\end{itemize}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{PKG}
\begin{lstlisting}[keywordstyle=]
>> pkg install -forge miscellaneous
For information about changes from previous versions of the miscellaneous package, run: news ("miscellaneous").
>> pkg list
Package Name         | Version | Installation directory
---------------------+---------+-----------------------
                bim  |   1.1.1 | ~/octave/bim-1.1.1
                fpl  |   1.3.3 | ~/octave/fpl-1.3.3
            general  |   1.3.1 | ~/octave/general-1.3.1
           geometry  |   1.6.0 | ~/octave/geometry-1.6.0
      miscellaneous  |   1.2.0 | ~/octave/miscellaneous-1.2.0
>> pkg load miscellaneous
>> pkg list
Package Name         | Version | Installation directory
---------------------+---------+-----------------------
                bim  |   1.1.1 | ~/octave/bim-1.1.1
                fpl  |   1.3.3 | ~/octave/fpl-1.3.3
            general  |   1.3.1 | ~/octave/general-1.3.1
           geometry  |   1.6.0 | ~/octave/geometry-1.6.0
      miscellaneous *|   1.2.0 | ~/octave/miscellaneous-1.2.0
\end{lstlisting}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{PKG}
\begin{lstlisting}[keywordstyle=]
>> pkg describe bim -verbose
---
Package name:
	bim
Version:
	1.1.1
Short description:
	Package for solving Diffusion Advection Reaction (DAR) Partial Differential Equations
Status:
	Not loaded
---
Provides:
Matrix assembly
	bim1a_advection_diffusion
	bim1a_advection_upwind
	bim2a_advection_diffusion
...
Pre-processing and Post-processing computations
	bim2c_mesh_properties
...
>> 
\end{lstlisting}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{Some interesting packages}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{bim}}
\only<2>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{msh}}
\only<3>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{fpl}}

\href{http://wiki.octave.org/Bim_package}{usage examples in the wiki}
\end{frame}

\subsection{Octave and Matlab}
\begin{frame}[fragile]{Broadcasting}
\begin{itemize}
\item Since 3.6.0, Octave automatically broadcasts arrays when using elementwise binary operators. 
\item Corresponding array dimensions must either be equal or, one of them must be 1. 
\item In case all dimensions are equal, ordinary element-by-element arithmetic takes place.
\item When one of the dimensions is 1, the array with that singleton dimension gets copied along 
that dimension until it matches the dimension of the other array. 
\end{itemize}

\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{Broadcasting}
\scriptsize
\begin{lstlisting}[keywordstyle=]
     x = [1 2 3; 4 5 6; 7 8 9];     
     y = [10 20 30];     
     x + y
         11   22   33
         14   25   36
         17   28   39
\end{lstlisting}
\begin{itemize}
\item Without broadcasting, x + y would be an error because dimensions do not agree.
\item With broadcasting it is as if the following operation were performed
\end{itemize}
\scriptsize
\begin{lstlisting}[keywordstyle=]
     x = [1 2 3;4 5 6;7 8 9];
     y = [10 20 30; 10 20 30; 10 20 30];
     x + y
         11   22   33
         14   25   36
         17   28   39
\end{lstlisting}
\href{http://wiki.octave.org/FAQ#How_is_Octave_different_from_Matlab.3F}{Other notable differences with Matlab, listed in the wiki}
\end{frame}
\subsection{Octave and C++}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{dld-functions}
Implement an Octave interpreter function in C++ 
\vspace*{-4mm}
\only<1>{\lstinputlisting[language=C++,linerange=1-15,firstnumber=1]{./examples/dld.cc}}
\only<2>{\lstinputlisting[language=C++,linerange=16-30,firstnumber=last]{./examples/dld.cc}}
\only<3>{\lstinputlisting[keywordstyle=]{./examples/dld_run.txt}}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/dld.cc}{source code of the example}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{liboctave}
Use Octave's Matrix/Array Classes in a C++ application 
\vspace*{-4mm}
\only<1>{\lstinputlisting[language=C++]{./examples/standalone.cc}}
\only<2>{\lstinputlisting[keywordstyle=]{./examples/standalone_run.txt}}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/standalone.cc}{source code of the example}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{Embedding Octave}
You can embed the Octave interpreter in your C++ application 
\only<1>{\lstinputlisting[language=C++,linerange=1-17,firstnumber=1]{./examples/embedded.cc}}
\only<2>{\lstinputlisting[language=C++,linerange=18-29,firstnumber=last]{./examples/embedded.cc}}
\pause
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/embedded.cc}{source code of the example}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{An advanced example}
Add a new class to the Octave interpreter and work around Octave's pass-by-value semantics\\
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/myobject.cc}{source code of the example (.cc)}\\
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/myobject.h}{source code of the example (.h)}
\end{frame}


\subsection{Octave and Parallel Computing}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{parcellfun and pararrayfun}
\scriptsize
Parcellfun is distributed in the package ``general'' it implements parallelization via {\tt fork ()} and {\tt pipe ()} 
\vspace*{-2mm}
\only<1>{\lstinputlisting[language=Octave,linerange=34-51,firstnumber=1]{./examples/parcellfun_example.m}}
\only<2>{\lstinputlisting[language=Octave,linerange=61-76,firstnumber=1]{./examples/parcellfun_example.m}}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/parcellfun_example.m}{source code of the example}
\end{frame}

\begin{frame}[fragile]{openmpi\_ext}
\scriptsize
The package {\tt openmpi\_ext} provides wrappers for the main MPI functions in {\tt openmpi}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\only<1>{\includegraphics[width=.9\linewidth]{openmpi_ext}}
\only<2>{\lstinputlisting[language=Octave,firstnumber=1]{./examples/Pi.m}}
\only<3>{\lstinputlisting[language=Octave,firstnumber=1]{./examples/Pi_run.txt}}
\vspace*{-4mm}
\attachfile[icon=Paperclip]{./examples/parcellfun_example.m}{source code of the example}
\end{frame}

%
%\subsection{Octave and LifeV}
%\frame{}
%
%

\end{document}