% manual.sty  9-Jun-87

\typeout{Document Style `manual' <9 Jun 87>.}


\def\@ptsize{0} \@namedef{ds@11pt}{\def\@ptsize{1}}
\@namedef{ds@12pt}{\def\@ptsize{2}} 
\def\ds@twoside{\@twosidetrue \@mparswitchtrue} 
\def\ds@draft{\overfullrule
5pt} 
\@options
% art12.sty  9-Jun-87

\lineskip 1pt \normallineskip 1pt
\def\baselinestretch{1}

\def\@normalsize{\@setsize\normalsize{14.5pt}\xiipt\@xiipt
\abovedisplayskip 12pt plus3pt minus7pt\belowdisplayskip 
\abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt\belowdisplayshortskip 6.5pt plus3.5pt
minus3pt\let\@listi\@listI} 
\def\small{\@setsize\small{13.6pt}\xipt\@xipt
\abovedisplayskip 11pt plus3pt minus6pt\belowdisplayskip 
\abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt\belowdisplayshortskip 6.5pt plus3.5pt
minus3pt
\def\@listi{\parsep 4.5pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
 \itemsep \parsep
 \topsep 9pt plus 3pt minus 5pt}}
\def\footnotesize{\@setsize\footnotesize{12pt}\xpt\@xpt
\abovedisplayskip 10pt plus2pt minus5pt\belowdisplayskip 
\abovedisplayskip
\abovedisplayshortskip \z@ plus3pt
\belowdisplayshortskip 6pt plus3pt minus3pt
\def\@listi{\topsep 6pt plus 2pt minus 2pt\parsep 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt
\itemsep \parsep}}
\def\scriptsize{\@setsize\scriptsize{9.5pt}\viiipt\@viiipt}
\def\tiny{\@setsize\tiny{7pt}\vipt\@vipt}
\def\large{\@setsize\large{18pt}\xivpt\@xivpt}
\def\Large{\@setsize\Large{22pt}\xviipt\@xviipt}
\def\LARGE{\@setsize\LARGE{25pt}\xxpt\@xxpt}
\def\huge{\@setsize\huge{30pt}\xxvpt\@xxvpt}
\let\Huge=\huge
\normalsize 

\if@twoside \oddsidemargin 21pt \evensidemargin 59pt 
\marginparwidth 85pt
\else \oddsidemargin 39.5pt \evensidemargin 39.5pt
 \marginparwidth 68pt 
\fi
\marginparsep 10pt 
 \topmargin 27pt \headheight 12pt \headsep 25pt \footskip 30pt 

\textheight = 36\baselineskip
\advance\textheight by \topskip
\textwidth 390pt \columnsep 10pt \columnseprule 0pt 

\footnotesep 8.4pt 
\skip\footins 10.8pt plus 4pt minus 2pt 
\floatsep 14pt plus 2pt minus 4pt \textfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt
\intextsep 14pt plus 4pt minus 4pt \@maxsep 20pt 
\dblfloatsep 14pt plus 2pt
minus 4pt \dbltextfloatsep 20pt plus 2pt minus 4pt \@dblmaxsep 20pt 
\@fptop 0pt plus 1fil \@fpsep 10pt plus 2fil \@fpbot 0pt plus 1fil 
\@dblfptop 0pt plus 1fil \@dblfpsep 10pt plus 2fil 
\@dblfpbot 0pt plus 1fil
\marginparpush 7pt 

\parskip 0pt plus 1pt \parindent 1.5em \partopsep 3pt plus 2pt minus 2pt 
\@lowpenalty 51 \@medpenalty 151 \@highpenalty 301 
\@beginparpenalty -\@lowpenalty \@endparpenalty -\@lowpenalty 
\@itempenalty
-\@lowpenalty 


\def\part{\par \addvspace{4ex} \@afterindentfalse \secdef\@part\@spart} 
\def\@part[#1]#2{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \refstepcounter{part}
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{\thepart \hspace{1em}#1}\else
\addcontentsline{toc}{part}{#1}\fi { \parindent 0pt \raggedright 
 \ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\m@ne \Large \bf Part 
\thepart \par\nobreak \fi \huge
\bf #2\markboth{}{}\par } \nobreak \vskip 3ex \@afterheading } 
\def\@spart#1{{\parindent 0pt \raggedright 
 \huge \bf 
 #1\par} \nobreak \vskip 3ex \@afterheading } 
\def\section{\@startsection {section}{1}{\z@}{-3.5ex plus -1ex minus 
 -.2ex}{2.3ex plus .2ex}{\bf}}
\def\subsection{\@startsection{subsection}{2}{\z@}
{-3.25ex plus -1ex minus 
 -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subsubsection{\@startsection{subsubsection}{3}{\z@}{-3.25ex plus
 -1ex minus -.2ex}{1.5ex plus .2ex}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\paragraph{\@startsection
 {paragraph}{4}{\z@}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}
\def\subparagraph{\@startsection
 {subparagraph}{4}{\parindent}{3.25ex plus 1ex minus 
 .2ex}{-1em}{\normalsize\bf}}


\setcounter{secnumdepth}{3}

\def\appendix{\par
 \setcounter{section}{0}
 \setcounter{subsection}{0}
 \def\thesection{\Alph{section}}}


\leftmargini 2.5em
\leftmarginii 2.2em \leftmarginiii 1.87em 
\leftmarginiv 1.7em \leftmarginv 1em
\leftmarginvi 1em
\leftmargin\leftmargini
\labelsep .5em
\labelwidth\leftmargini\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
\def\@listI{\leftmargin\leftmargini 
\parsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt\topsep
10pt plus 4pt minus 6pt\itemsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt}
\let\@listi\@listI
\@listi 
\def\@listii{\leftmargin\leftmarginii
 \labelwidth\leftmarginii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep 5pt plus 2.5pt minus 1pt
 \parsep 2.5pt plus 1pt minus 1pt
 \itemsep \parsep}
\def\@listiii{\leftmargin\leftmarginiii
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiii\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep
 \topsep 2.5pt plus 1pt minus 1pt 
 \parsep \z@ \partopsep 1pt plus 0pt minus 1pt
 \itemsep \topsep}
\def\@listiv{\leftmargin\leftmarginiv
 \labelwidth\leftmarginiv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listv{\leftmargin\leftmarginv
 \labelwidth\leftmarginv\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\def\@listvi{\leftmargin\leftmarginvi
 \labelwidth\leftmarginvi\advance\labelwidth-\labelsep}
\relax


\def\labelenumi{\arabic{enumi}.} 
\def\theenumi{\arabic{enumi}} 
\def\labelenumii{(\alph{enumii})}
\def\theenumii{\alph{enumii}}
\def\p@enumii{\theenumi}
\def\labelenumiii{\roman{enumiii}.}
\def\theenumiii{\roman{enumiii}}
\def\p@enumiii{\theenumi(\theenumii)}
\def\labelenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}.}
\def\theenumiv{\Alph{enumiv}} 
\def\p@enumiv{\p@enumiii\theenumiii}

\def\labelitemi{$\bullet$}
\def\labelitemii{\bf --}
\def\labelitemiii{$\ast$}
\def\labelitemiv{$\cdot$}

\def\verse{\let\\=\@centercr 
 \list{}{\itemsep\z@ \itemindent -1.5em\listparindent \itemindent 
 \rightmargin\leftmargin\advance\leftmargin 1.5em}\item[]}
\let\endverse\endlist
\def\quotation{\list{}{\listparindent 1.5em
 \itemindent\listparindent
 \rightmargin\leftmargin \parsep 0pt plus 1pt}\item[]}
\let\endquotation=\endlist
\def\quote{\list{}{\rightmargin\leftmargin}\item[]}
\let\endquote=\endlist

%\def\descriptionlabel#1{\hspace\labelsep \bf #1}
%\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth\z@ \itemindent-\leftmargin
% \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
%\let\enddescription\endlist

\def\descriptionlabel#1{\it #1 \hfill}
\def\description{\list{}{\labelwidth=0.7in 
\itemindent=0in \leftmargin=0.9in
 \labelsep=0in \let\makelabel\descriptionlabel}}
\let\enddescription\endlist

\def\describelabel#1{\hspace{0.1in} \tt #1 \hfill}
\def\describe{\list{}{\labelwidth=0.8in 
\itemindent=0in \leftmargin=0.8in
 \labelsep=0in \let\makelabel\describelabel}}
\let\enddescribe\endlist



\def\theequation{\arabic{equation}}


\def\titlepage{\@restonecolfalse\if@twocolumn\@restonecoltrue\onecolumn
 \else \newpage \fi \thispagestyle{empty}\c@page\z@}
\def\endtitlepage{\if@restonecol\twocolumn \else \newpage \fi}

\arraycolsep 5pt \tabcolsep 6pt \arrayrulewidth .4pt \doublerulesep 2pt 
\tabbingsep \labelsep 

\skip\@mpfootins = \skip\footins
\fboxsep = 3pt \fboxrule = .4pt 

\newcounter{part}
\newcounter {section}
\newcounter {subsection}[section]
\newcounter {subsubsection}[subsection]
\newcounter {paragraph}[subsubsection]
\newcounter {subparagraph}[paragraph]

\def\thepart{\Roman{part}} \def\thesection {\arabic{section}}
\def\thesubsection {\thesection.\arabic{subsection}}
\def\thesubsubsection {\thesubsection .\arabic{subsubsection}}
\def\theparagraph {\thesubsubsection.\arabic{paragraph}}
\def\thesubparagraph {\theparagraph.\arabic{subparagraph}}

\def\@pnumwidth{1.55em}
\def\@tocrmarg {2.55em}
\def\@dotsep{4.5}
\setcounter{tocdepth}{3}

\def\tableofcontents{\section*{Contents\@mkboth{CONTENTS}{CONTENTS}}
 \@starttoc{toc}}
\def\l@part#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty}
 \addvspace{2.25em plus 1pt} \begingroup
 \@tempdima 3em \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth \parfillskip
-\@pnumwidth 
 {\large \bf \leavevmode #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}}\par
 \nobreak \endgroup}
\def\l@section#1#2{\addpenalty{\@secpenalty} \addvspace{1.0em plus 1pt}
\@tempdima 1.5em \begingroup
 \parindent \z@ \rightskip \@pnumwidth 
 \parfillskip -\@pnumwidth 
 \bf \leavevmode #1\hfil \hbox to\@pnumwidth{\hss #2}\par
 \endgroup}
\def\l@subsection{\@dottedtocline{2}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\l@subsubsection{\@dottedtocline{3}{3.8em}{3.2em}}
\def\l@paragraph{\@dottedtocline{4}{7.0em}{4.1em}}
\def\l@subparagraph{\@dottedtocline{5}{10em}{5em}}
\def\listoffigures{\section*{List of Figures\@mkboth
 {LIST OF FIGURES}{LIST OF FIGURES}}\@starttoc{lof}}
\def\l@figure{\@dottedtocline{1}{1.5em}{2.3em}}
\def\listoftables{\section*{List of Tables\@mkboth
 {LIST OF TABLES}{LIST OF TABLES}}\@starttoc{lot}}
\let\l@table\l@figure


\def\thebibliography#1{\section*{References\@mkboth
 {REFERENCES}{REFERENCES}}\list
 {[\arabic{enumi}]}{\settowidth\labelwidth{[#1]}\leftmargin\labelwidth
 \advance\leftmargin\labelsep
 \usecounter{enumi}}
 \def\newblock{\hskip .11em plus .33em minus -.07em}
 \sloppy\clubpenalty4000\widowpenalty4000
 \sfcode`\.=1000\relax}
\let\endthebibliography=\endlist
 

\newif\if@restonecol
\def\theindex{\@restonecoltrue\if@twocolumn\@restonecolfalse\fi
\columnseprule \z@
\columnsep 35pt\twocolumn[\section*{Index}]
 \@mkboth{INDEX}{INDEX}\thispagestyle{plain}\parindent\z@
 \parskip\z@ plus .3pt\relax\let\item\@idxitem}
\def\@idxitem{\par\hangindent 40pt}
\def\subitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{20pt}}
\def\subsubitem{\par\hangindent 40pt \hspace*{30pt}}
\def\endtheindex{\if@restonecol\onecolumn\else\clearpage\fi}
\def\indexspace{\par \vskip 10pt plus 5pt minus 3pt\relax}

\def\footnoterule{\kern-3\p@ 
 \hrule width .4\columnwidth 
 \kern 2.6\p@} 

\long\def\@makefntext#1{\parindent 1em\noindent 
 \hbox to 1.8em{\hss$^{\@thefnmark}$}#1}


\setcounter{topnumber}{2}
\def\topfraction{.7}
\setcounter{bottomnumber}{1}
\def\bottomfraction{.3}
\setcounter{totalnumber}{3}
\def\textfraction{.2}
\def\floatpagefraction{.5}
\setcounter{dbltopnumber}{2}
\def\dbltopfraction{.7}
\def\dblfloatpagefraction{.5}

\long\def\@makecaption#1#2{
 \vskip 10pt 
 \setbox\@tempboxa\hbox{#1: #2}
 \ifdim \wd\@tempboxa >\hsize #1: #2\par \else \hbox
to\hsize{\hfil\box\@tempboxa\hfil} 
 \fi}


\newcounter{figure}
\def\thefigure{\@arabic\c@figure}
\def\fps@figure{tbp}
\def\ftype@figure{1}
\def\ext@figure{lof}
\def\fnum@figure{Figure \thefigure}
\def\figure{\@float{figure}}
\let\endfigure\end@float
\@namedef{figure*}{\@dblfloat{figure}}
\@namedef{endfigure*}{\end@dblfloat}
\newcounter{table}
\def\thetable{\@arabic\c@table}
\def\fps@table{tbp}
\def\ftype@table{2}
\def\ext@table{lot}
\def\fnum@table{Table \thetable}
\def\table{\@float{table}}
\let\endtable\end@float
\@namedef{table*}{\@dblfloat{table}}
\@namedef{endtable*}{\end@dblfloat}


\def\maketitle{\par
 \begingroup
 \def\thefootnote{\fnsymbol{footnote}}
 \def\@makefnmark{\hbox 
 to 0pt{$^{\@thefnmark}$\hss}} 
 \if@twocolumn 
 \twocolumn[\@maketitle] 
 \else \newpage
 \global\@topnum\z@ \@maketitle \fi\thispagestyle{plain}\@thanks
 \endgroup
 \setcounter{footnote}{0}
 \let\maketitle\relax
 \let\@maketitle\relax
 \gdef\@thanks{}\gdef\@author{}\gdef\@title{}\let\thanks\relax}
\def\@maketitle{\newpage
 \null
 \vskip 2em \begin{center}
 {\@title \par} \vskip 1.5em {\normalsize \lineskip .5em
\begin{tabular}[t]{c}\@author 
 \end{tabular}\par} 
 \par
 \vskip 1.5em} 
\def\abstract{\if@twocolumn
\section*{Abstract}
\else \small 
\begin{center}
{\normalsize\bf Abstract\vspace{-.5em}\vspace{0pt}} 
\end{center}
\quotation 
\fi}
\def\endabstract{\if@twocolumn\else\endquotation\fi}

\mark{{}{}} 

\if@twoside \def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\rm \thepage\hfil \sl
\leftmark}\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl \rightmark \hfil
\rm\thepage}\def\sectionmark##1{\markboth 
{\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth
>\z@
 \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}{}}
\def\subsectionmark##1{\markright
{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth >\@ne
 \thesubsection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}
\else \def\ps@headings{\let\@mkboth\markboth
\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\@oddhead{\hbox {}
\sl \rightmark \hfil
\rm\thepage}\def\sectionmark##1{\markright 
{\uppercase{\ifnum \c@secnumdepth
>\z@
 \thesection\hskip 1em\relax \fi ##1}}}}
\fi
%\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
%\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\sl\rightmark \hfil
%\rm\thepage}\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\rm 
%\thepage\hfil\sl\leftmark\hbox
%{}}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}
\def\ps@myheadings{\let\@mkboth\@gobbletwo
\def\@oddhead{\hbox{}\hfil
\rm\thepage\hfil}\def\@oddfoot{}\def\@evenhead{\hfil\rm 
\thepage\hfil\hbox
{}}\def\@evenfoot{}\def\sectionmark##1{}\def\subsectionmark##1{}}

\def\today{\ifcase\month\or
 January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or
 July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi
 \space\number\day, \number\year}

\ps@plain \pagenumbering{arabic} \onecolumn 
\if@twoside\else\raggedbottom\fi