Mercurial > hg > octave-nkf
annotate scripts/specfun/legendre.m @ 17281:bc924baa2c4e
doc: Add new @qcode macro for code samples which are quoted.
Macro handles options ("on") or properties ("position") more elegantly
than @code{"text"}.
* doc/interpreter/macros.texi: Add new @qcode macro.
* doc/interpreter/tips.txi: Add documentation about @qcode macro.
* doc/interpreter/basics.txi, doc/interpreter/container.txi,
doc/interpreter/emacs.txi, doc/interpreter/errors.txi,
doc/interpreter/eval.txi, doc/interpreter/expr.txi,
doc/interpreter/external.txi, doc/interpreter/func.txi,
doc/interpreter/grammar.txi, doc/interpreter/image.txi,
doc/interpreter/install.txi, doc/interpreter/interp.txi,
doc/interpreter/io.txi, doc/interpreter/matrix.txi,
doc/interpreter/numbers.txi, doc/interpreter/oop.txi,
doc/interpreter/package.txi, doc/interpreter/plot.txi,
doc/interpreter/quad.txi, doc/interpreter/sparse.txi,
doc/interpreter/strings.txi, doc/interpreter/system.txi,
doc/interpreter/vectorize.txi, libinterp/corefcn/balance.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/bitfcns.cc, libinterp/corefcn/cellfun.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/conv2.cc, libinterp/corefcn/data.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/debug.cc, libinterp/corefcn/defaults.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/dirfns.cc, libinterp/corefcn/dlmread.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/error.cc, libinterp/corefcn/file-io.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/find.cc, libinterp/corefcn/gammainc.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/graphics.cc, libinterp/corefcn/help.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/hex2num.cc, libinterp/corefcn/input.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/load-path.cc, libinterp/corefcn/load-save.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/ls-oct-ascii.cc, libinterp/corefcn/lu.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/luinc.cc, libinterp/corefcn/matrix_type.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/oct-hist.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pager.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/pr-output.cc, libinterp/corefcn/pt-jit.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/qz.cc, libinterp/corefcn/rand.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/regexp.cc, libinterp/corefcn/schur.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/sighandlers.cc, libinterp/corefcn/sparse.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/spparms.cc, libinterp/corefcn/str2double.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/svd.cc, libinterp/corefcn/symtab.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/syscalls.cc, libinterp/corefcn/toplev.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/tril.cc, libinterp/corefcn/typecast.cc,
libinterp/corefcn/utils.cc, libinterp/corefcn/variables.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/__init_fltk__.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/chol.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/colamd.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/fftw.cc, libinterp/dldfcn/qr.cc,
libinterp/dldfcn/symbfact.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-base.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-handle.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-fcn-inline.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-java.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-range.cc, libinterp/octave-value/ov-struct.cc,
libinterp/octave-value/ov-usr-fcn.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/oct-parse.in.yy,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-binop.cc, libinterp/parse-tree/pt-eval.cc,
libinterp/parse-tree/pt-mat.cc, scripts/@ftp/ftp.m,
scripts/deprecated/java_convert_matrix.m, scripts/deprecated/java_debug.m,
scripts/deprecated/java_unsigned_conversion.m, scripts/deprecated/shell_cmd.m,
scripts/general/dblquad.m, scripts/general/display.m,
scripts/general/genvarname.m, scripts/general/idivide.m,
scripts/general/interp1.m, scripts/general/interp2.m,
scripts/general/interp3.m, scripts/general/interpn.m, scripts/general/isa.m,
scripts/general/profexplore.m, scripts/general/profile.m,
scripts/general/quadgk.m, scripts/general/randi.m, scripts/general/structfun.m,
scripts/general/subsindex.m, scripts/general/triplequad.m,
scripts/geometry/griddata.m, scripts/geometry/griddata3.m,
scripts/geometry/griddatan.m, scripts/geometry/voronoi.m, scripts/help/help.m,
scripts/help/lookfor.m, scripts/image/cmpermute.m, scripts/image/colormap.m,
scripts/image/image.m, scripts/image/imagesc.m, scripts/image/imfinfo.m,
scripts/image/imformats.m, scripts/image/imread.m, scripts/image/imshow.m,
scripts/image/imwrite.m, scripts/image/ind2gray.m, scripts/image/lines.m,
scripts/image/rgb2ind.m, scripts/image/spinmap.m, scripts/io/dlmwrite.m,
scripts/io/strread.m, scripts/io/textread.m, scripts/io/textscan.m,
scripts/java/javaclasspath.m, scripts/java/usejava.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/bzip2.m, scripts/miscellaneous/computer.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/copyfile.m, scripts/miscellaneous/debug.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/dos.m, scripts/miscellaneous/edit.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/gzip.m, scripts/miscellaneous/license.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/mkoctfile.m, scripts/miscellaneous/movefile.m,
scripts/miscellaneous/parseparams.m, scripts/miscellaneous/unix.m,
scripts/optimization/fminbnd.m, scripts/optimization/fminsearch.m,
scripts/optimization/fminunc.m, scripts/optimization/fsolve.m,
scripts/optimization/fzero.m, scripts/optimization/glpk.m,
scripts/optimization/lsqnonneg.m, scripts/optimization/optimset.m,
scripts/optimization/pqpnonneg.m, scripts/pkg/pkg.m, scripts/plot/allchild.m,
scripts/plot/ancestor.m, scripts/plot/area.m, scripts/plot/axis.m,
scripts/plot/bar.m, scripts/plot/barh.m, scripts/plot/box.m,
scripts/plot/caxis.m, scripts/plot/cla.m, scripts/plot/clabel.m,
scripts/plot/clf.m, scripts/plot/close.m, scripts/plot/colorbar.m,
scripts/plot/daspect.m, scripts/plot/ezmesh.m, scripts/plot/ezmeshc.m,
scripts/plot/ezsurf.m, scripts/plot/ezsurfc.m, scripts/plot/findall.m,
scripts/plot/findobj.m, scripts/plot/gcbo.m, scripts/plot/gcf.m,
scripts/plot/gco.m, scripts/plot/grid.m, scripts/plot/guihandles.m,
scripts/plot/hdl2struct.m, scripts/plot/hidden.m, scripts/plot/hold.m,
scripts/plot/isonormals.m, scripts/plot/isosurface.m, scripts/plot/legend.m,
scripts/plot/mesh.m, scripts/plot/meshc.m, scripts/plot/meshz.m,
scripts/plot/newplot.m, scripts/plot/orient.m, scripts/plot/pareto.m,
scripts/plot/patch.m, scripts/plot/pbaspect.m, scripts/plot/pcolor.m,
scripts/plot/plot.m, scripts/plot/print.m,
scripts/plot/private/__add_default_menu__.m, scripts/plot/quiver.m,
scripts/plot/quiver3.m, scripts/plot/refreshdata.m, scripts/plot/saveas.m,
scripts/plot/scatter.m, scripts/plot/scatter3.m, scripts/plot/shading.m,
scripts/plot/shrinkfaces.m, scripts/plot/slice.m, scripts/plot/stem.m,
scripts/plot/stem3.m, scripts/plot/struct2hdl.m, scripts/plot/subplot.m,
scripts/plot/surf.m, scripts/plot/surfc.m, scripts/plot/surfl.m,
scripts/plot/tetramesh.m, scripts/plot/uigetfile.m, scripts/plot/uimenu.m,
scripts/plot/uiputfile.m, scripts/plot/waterfall.m, scripts/plot/whitebg.m,
scripts/plot/xlim.m, scripts/plot/ylim.m, scripts/plot/zlim.m,
scripts/polynomial/conv.m, scripts/polynomial/polyout.m,
scripts/polynomial/splinefit.m, scripts/set/ismember.m, scripts/set/powerset.m,
scripts/set/setdiff.m, scripts/set/union.m, scripts/set/unique.m,
scripts/signal/detrend.m, scripts/signal/filter2.m, scripts/signal/freqz.m,
scripts/signal/periodogram.m, scripts/signal/spectral_adf.m,
scripts/signal/spectral_xdf.m, scripts/sparse/eigs.m, scripts/sparse/svds.m,
scripts/specfun/legendre.m, scripts/special-matrix/gallery.m,
scripts/statistics/base/mean.m, scripts/statistics/base/moment.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/cor_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/kolmogorov_smirnov_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/kolmogorov_smirnov_test_2.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/kruskal_wallis_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/prop_test_2.m, scripts/statistics/tests/sign_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/t_test.m, scripts/statistics/tests/t_test_2.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/t_test_regression.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/u_test.m, scripts/statistics/tests/var_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/welch_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/wilcoxon_test.m, scripts/statistics/tests/z_test.m,
scripts/statistics/tests/z_test_2.m, scripts/strings/base2dec.m,
scripts/strings/index.m, scripts/strings/isstrprop.m,
scripts/strings/mat2str.m, scripts/strings/regexptranslate.m,
scripts/strings/rindex.m, scripts/strings/str2num.m, scripts/strings/strcat.m,
scripts/strings/strjust.m, scripts/strings/strmatch.m,
scripts/strings/validatestring.m, scripts/testfun/demo.m,
scripts/testfun/example.m, scripts/testfun/test.m, scripts/time/addtodate.m,
scripts/time/asctime.m, scripts/time/datestr.m, scripts/time/datetick.m,
scripts/time/weekday.m, scripts/ui/errordlg.m, scripts/ui/helpdlg.m,
scripts/ui/inputdlg.m, scripts/ui/listdlg.m, scripts/ui/msgbox.m,
scripts/ui/questdlg.m, scripts/ui/warndlg.m: Use new @qcode macro.
author | Rik <rik@octave.org> |
---|---|
date | Mon, 19 Aug 2013 20:46:38 -0700 |
parents | 5d3a684236b0 |
children | d63878346099 |
rev | line source |
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1 ## Copyright (C) 2000-2012 Kai Habel |
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2 ## Copyright (C) 2008 Marco Caliari |
5827 | 3 ## |
4 ## This file is part of Octave. | |
5 ## | |
6 ## Octave is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it | |
7 ## under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by | |
7016 | 8 ## the Free Software Foundation; either version 3 of the License, or (at |
9 ## your option) any later version. | |
5827 | 10 ## |
11 ## Octave is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but | |
12 ## WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of | |
13 ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU | |
14 ## General Public License for more details. | |
15 ## | |
16 ## You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License | |
7016 | 17 ## along with Octave; see the file COPYING. If not, see |
18 ## <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. | |
5827 | 19 |
20 ## -*- texinfo -*- | |
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21 ## @deftypefn {Function File} {@var{l} =} legendre (@var{n}, @var{x}) |
7508 | 22 ## @deftypefnx {Function File} {@var{l} =} legendre (@var{n}, @var{x}, @var{normalization}) |
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23 ## Compute the Legendre function of degree @var{n} and order |
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24 ## @var{m} = 0 @dots{} N@. The optional argument, @var{normalization}, |
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25 ## may be one of @qcode{"unnorm"}, @qcode{"sch"}, or @qcode{"norm"}. |
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26 ## The default is @qcode{"unnorm"}. The value of @var{n} must be a |
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27 ## non-negative scalar integer. |
7508 | 28 ## |
29 ## If the optional argument @var{normalization} is missing or is | |
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30 ## @qcode{"unnorm"}, compute the Legendre function of degree @var{n} and |
7508 | 31 ## order @var{m} and return all values for @var{m} = 0 @dots{} @var{n}. |
32 ## The return value has one dimension more than @var{x}. | |
5827 | 33 ## |
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34 ## The Legendre Function of degree @var{n} and order @var{m}: |
5827 | 35 ## |
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36 ## @tex |
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37 ## $$ |
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38 ## P^m_n(x) = (-1)^m (1-x^2)^{m/2}{d^m\over {dx^m}}P_n (x) |
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39 ## $$ |
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40 ## @end tex |
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41 ## @ifnottex |
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42 ## |
5827 | 43 ## @example |
44 ## @group | |
45 ## m m 2 m/2 d^m | |
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46 ## P(x) = (-1) * (1-x ) * ---- P(x) |
5827 | 47 ## n dx^m n |
48 ## @end group | |
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49 ## @end example |
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50 ## |
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51 ## @end ifnottex |
5827 | 52 ## |
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53 ## @noindent |
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54 ## with Legendre polynomial of degree @var{n}: |
5827 | 55 ## |
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56 ## @tex |
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57 ## $$ |
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58 ## P(x) = {1\over{2^n n!}}\biggl({d^n\over{dx^n}}(x^2 - 1)^n\biggr) |
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59 ## $$ |
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60 ## @end tex |
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61 ## @ifnottex |
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62 ## |
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63 ## @example |
5827 | 64 ## @group |
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65 ## 1 d^n 2 n |
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66 ## P(x) = ------ [----(x - 1) ] |
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67 ## n 2^n n! dx^n |
5827 | 68 ## @end group |
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69 ## @end example |
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70 ## |
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71 ## @end ifnottex |
5827 | 72 ## |
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73 ## @noindent |
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74 ## @code{legendre (3, [-1.0, -0.9, -0.8])} returns the matrix: |
5827 | 75 ## |
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76 ## @example |
5827 | 77 ## @group |
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78 ## x | -1.0 | -0.9 | -0.8 |
5827 | 79 ## ------------------------------------ |
80 ## m=0 | -1.00000 | -0.47250 | -0.08000 | |
81 ## m=1 | 0.00000 | -1.99420 | -1.98000 | |
82 ## m=2 | 0.00000 | -2.56500 | -4.32000 | |
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83 ## m=3 | 0.00000 | -1.24229 | -3.24000 |
5827 | 84 ## @end group |
85 ## @end example | |
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86 ## |
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87 ## If the optional argument @code{normalization} is @qcode{"sch"}, |
7508 | 88 ## compute the Schmidt semi-normalized associated Legendre function. |
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89 ## The Schmidt semi-normalized associated Legendre function is related |
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90 ## to the unnormalized Legendre functions by the following: |
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91 ## |
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92 ## For Legendre functions of degree n and order 0: |
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93 ## |
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94 ## @tex |
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95 ## $$ |
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96 ## SP^0_n (x) = P^0_n (x) |
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97 ## $$ |
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98 ## @end tex |
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99 ## @ifnottex |
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100 ## |
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101 ## @example |
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102 ## @group |
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103 ## 0 0 |
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104 ## SP(x) = P(x) |
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105 ## n n |
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106 ## @end group |
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107 ## @end example |
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108 ## |
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109 ## @end ifnottex |
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110 ## |
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111 ## For Legendre functions of degree n and order m: |
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112 ## |
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113 ## @tex |
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114 ## $$ |
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115 ## SP^m_n (x) = P^m_n (x)(-1)^m\biggl({2(n-m)!\over{(n+m)!}}\biggl)^{0.5} |
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116 ## $$ |
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117 ## @end tex |
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118 ## @ifnottex |
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119 ## |
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120 ## @example |
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121 ## @group |
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122 ## m m m 2(n-m)! 0.5 |
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123 ## SP(x) = P(x) * (-1) * [-------] |
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124 ## n n (n+m)! |
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125 ## @end group |
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126 ## @end example |
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127 ## |
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128 ## @end ifnottex |
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129 ## |
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130 ## If the optional argument @var{normalization} is @qcode{"norm"}, |
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132 ## The fully normalized associated Legendre function is related |
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133 ## to the unnormalized Legendre functions by the following: |
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134 ## |
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135 ## For Legendre functions of degree @var{n} and order @var{m} |
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136 ## |
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137 ## @tex |
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138 ## $$ |
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139 ## NP^m_n (x) = P^m_n (x)(-1)^m\biggl({(n+0.5)(n-m)!\over{(n+m)!}}\biggl)^{0.5} |
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140 ## $$ |
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141 ## @end tex |
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142 ## @ifnottex |
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143 ## |
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144 ## @example |
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145 ## @group |
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146 ## m m m (n+0.5)(n-m)! 0.5 |
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147 ## NP(x) = P(x) * (-1) * [-------------] |
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148 ## n n (n+m)! |
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149 ## @end group |
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150 ## @end example |
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151 ## |
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152 ## @end ifnottex |
5827 | 153 ## @end deftypefn |
154 | |
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155 ## Author: Marco Caliari <marco.caliari@univr.it> |
5827 | 156 |
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157 function retval = legendre (n, x, normalization) |
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159 persistent warned_overflow = false; |
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160 |
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161 if (nargin < 2 || nargin > 3) |
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163 endif | |
164 | |
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165 if (!isscalar (n) || n < 0 || n != fix (n)) |
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166 error ("legendre: N must be a non-negative scalar integer"); |
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167 endif |
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168 |
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169 if (!isreal (x) || any (x(:) < -1 | x(:) > 1)) |
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170 error ("legendre: X must be real-valued vector in the range -1 <= X <= 1"); |
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171 endif |
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172 |
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173 if (nargin == 3) |
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174 normalization = lower (normalization); |
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175 else |
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176 normalization = "unnorm"; |
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177 endif |
5827 | 178 |
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179 switch (normalization) |
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180 case "norm" |
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181 scale = sqrt (n+0.5); |
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182 case "sch" |
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183 scale = sqrt (2); |
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184 case "unnorm" |
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185 scale = 1; |
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186 otherwise |
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187 error ('legendre: expecting NORMALIZATION option to be "norm", "sch", or "unnorm"'); |
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188 endswitch |
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190 scale = scale * ones (size (x)); |
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191 |
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192 ## Based on the recurrence relation below |
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193 ## m m m |
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194 ## (n-m+1) * P (x) = (2*n+1)*x*P (x) - (n+1)*P (x) |
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195 ## n+1 n n-1 |
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196 ## http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Associated_Legendre_function |
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198 overflow = false; |
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199 retval = zeros ([n+1, size(x)]); |
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200 for m = 1:n |
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201 lpm1 = scale; |
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202 lpm2 = (2*m-1) .* x .* scale; |
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203 lpm3 = lpm2; |
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204 for k = m+1:n |
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205 lpm3a = (2*k-1) .* x .* lpm2; |
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206 lpm3b = (k+m-2) .* lpm1; |
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207 lpm3 = (lpm3a - lpm3b)/(k-m+1); |
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208 lpm1 = lpm2; |
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209 lpm2 = lpm3; |
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210 if (! warned_overflow) |
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211 if (any (abs (lpm3a) > realmax) |
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212 || any (abs (lpm3b) > realmax) |
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213 || any (abs (lpm3) > realmax)) |
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214 overflow = true; |
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215 endif |
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216 endif |
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217 endfor |
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218 retval(m,:) = lpm3(:); |
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219 if (strcmp (normalization, "unnorm")) |
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220 scale = -scale * (2*m-1); |
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221 else |
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222 ## normalization == "sch" or normalization == "norm" |
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223 scale = scale / sqrt ((n-m+1)*(n+m))*(2*m-1); |
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224 endif |
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225 scale = scale .* sqrt (1-x.^2); |
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226 endfor |
5827 | 227 |
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228 retval(n+1,:) = scale(:); |
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229 |
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230 if (isvector (x)) |
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231 ## vector case is special |
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232 retval = reshape (retval, n + 1, length (x)); |
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233 endif |
5827 | 234 |
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235 if (strcmp (normalization, "sch")) |
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236 retval(1,:) = retval(1,:) / sqrt (2); |
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237 endif |
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238 |
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239 if (overflow && ! warned_overflow) |
8664 | 240 warning ("legendre: overflow - results may be unstable for high orders"); |
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241 warned_overflow = true; |
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242 endif |
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243 |
5827 | 244 endfunction |
245 | |
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246 |
5827 | 247 %!test |
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248 %! result = legendre (3, [-1.0 -0.9 -0.8]); |
5827 | 249 %! expected = [ |
250 %! -1.00000 -0.47250 -0.08000 | |
251 %! 0.00000 -1.99420 -1.98000 | |
252 %! 0.00000 -2.56500 -4.32000 | |
253 %! 0.00000 -1.24229 -3.24000 | |
254 %! ]; | |
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255 %! assert (result, expected, 1e-5); |
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256 |
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257 %!test |
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258 %! result = legendre (3, [-1.0 -0.9 -0.8], "sch"); |
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259 %! expected = [ |
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260 %! -1.00000 -0.47250 -0.08000 |
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261 %! 0.00000 0.81413 0.80833 |
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262 %! -0.00000 -0.33114 -0.55771 |
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263 %! 0.00000 0.06547 0.17076 |
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264 %! ]; |
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265 %! assert (result, expected, 1e-5); |
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266 |
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267 %!test |
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268 %! result = legendre (3, [-1.0 -0.9 -0.8], "norm"); |
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269 %! expected = [ |
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270 %! -1.87083 -0.88397 -0.14967 |
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271 %! 0.00000 1.07699 1.06932 |
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272 %! -0.00000 -0.43806 -0.73778 |
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273 %! 0.00000 0.08661 0.22590 |
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274 %! ]; |
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275 %! assert (result, expected, 1e-5); |
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276 |
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277 %!test |
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278 %! result = legendre (151, 0); |
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279 %! ## Don't compare to "-Inf" since it would fail on 64 bit systems. |
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280 %! assert (result(end) < -1.7976e308 && all (isfinite (result(1:end-1)))); |
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281 |
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282 %!test |
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283 %! result = legendre (150, 0); |
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284 %! ## This agrees with Matlab's result. |
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285 %! assert (result(end), 3.7532741115719e+306, 0.0000000000001e+306); |
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286 |
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287 %!test |
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288 %! result = legendre (0, 0:0.1:1); |
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289 %! assert (result, full (ones (1,11))); |
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290 |
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291 %!test |
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292 %! result = legendre (3, [-1,0,1;1,0,-1]); |
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293 %! ## Test matrix input |
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294 %! expected(:,:,1) = [-1,1;0,0;0,0;0,0]; |
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295 %! expected(:,:,2) = [0,0;1.5,1.5;0,0;-15,-15]; |
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296 %! expected(:,:,3) = [1,-1;0,0;0,0;0,0]; |
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297 %! assert (result, expected); |
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298 |
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299 %!test |
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300 %! result = legendre (3, [-1,0,1;1,0,-1]'); |
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301 %! expected(:,:,1) = [-1,0,1;0,1.5,0;0,0,0;0,-15,0]; |
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302 %! expected(:,:,2) = [1,0,-1;0,1.5,0;0,0,0;0,-15,0]; |
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303 %! assert (result, expected); |
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304 |
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305 %% Check correct invocation |
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306 %!error legendre () |
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307 %!error legendre (1) |
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308 %!error legendre (1,2,3,4) |
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309 %!error legendre ([1, 2], [-1, 0, 1]) |
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310 %!error legendre (-1, [-1, 0, 1]) |
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311 %!error legendre (1.1, [-1, 0, 1]) |
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312 %!error legendre (1, [-1+i, 0, 1]) |
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313 %!error legendre (1, [-2, 0, 1]) |
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314 %!error legendre (1, [-1, 0, 2]) |
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315 %!error legendre (1, [-1, 0, 1], "badnorm") |
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316 |